A Conjecture on the Fermat Function
For any positive integer n let F(n) denote the smallest absolute
value of x^n + y^n + z^n for non-zero integers x,y,z WITH DISTINCT
ABSOLUTE VALUES. The first few values are
n F(n)
--- ------
1 0
2 14
3 1
4 98
5 12 (?)
Obviously for even values of n we have F(n) = 1 + 2^n + 3^n, which is
not very interesting. For odd values of n the determination of F(n)
seems non-trivial, considering that it is very difficult to say if F(n)
ever equals zero for any n>1. I'm not even sure that F(5)=12, but
certainly it is no greater than 12 (in view of 13^5 + 16^5 + (-17)^5).
Can anyone fill in some more values of F(n)?
We could also define F(n) as the smallest absolute value of
x^n + y^n - z^n where x,y,z are distinct positive integers.
This gives an interesting function for even values of n as
well.
An interesting conjecture along these lines is that there is no
solution in distinct positive integers x,y,z to the inequality
|x^n + y^n - z^n| < 3^n - 2^n - 1
for n > 5.
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