David Seal (dseal@armltd.co.uk) posted the following remarkable results in the Usenet Newsgroup rec.puzzles in January of 1996. I believe the results on powers of 2 are well known, but this is the first I've seen of results for other bases. > OK, here is a quick summary of the results I've found about bases > in which there are sequences which never go palindromic. In each > case, I give a starting number for such a sequence and an indication > of how it grows. > > The results were obtained by a search program, and should still be > regarded as preliminary and unpolished. In particular, I've had to > transcribe them from the program output by hand, and may have made > errors in the process. I hope to complete the work sometime and > produce a full description of the program's search method, properly > verified results, etc. > > First, there is a regular family which can be shown to extend to any > power of 2: > > Base 2: > 10(n 1s)1101(n 0s)00 > After 4 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1. > > Base 4: > 10(n 3s)3323(n 0s)00 > After 6 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1. > > Base 8: > 10(n 7s)7767(n 0s)00 > After 8 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1. > > Base 16: > 10(n Fs)FFEF(n 0s)00 > After 10 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1. > > Base 32: > 10(n Vs)VVUV(n 0s)00 > After 12 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1. > > > Sporadic solutions: > > Base 4: > 1033202000232(n 2s)2302333113230 > After 6 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 3. > > Base 11: > 1246277(n As)A170352495681825A5026571A506181864A5143171(n 0s)0872542 > After 6 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1. > > Base 17: > 10023AB83E3B983CFGEC556G4G010(n 0s)0FGCG10FG505GF020CGF(n Gs)GG11G4F655D > DGGB299B3D38BB320G > After 6 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1. > > Base 20: > There is a >200 digit number of the same general form which grows > indefinitely without ever producing a palindrome, but I'm not going > to try to transcribe it here! > > Base 26: > 1N5ELA6C(n Ps)P6E7(n 0s)0D59ME5N > After 4 iterations, becomes same thing with n increased by 1.